板状碎片对建筑屋面的冲击破坏概率模型

Impact Damage Probability Model of Building Roofs Impacted by Plate-Like Debris

摘要:

飞掷物对建筑的冲击破坏是围护结构在强风作用下受损的主要原因之一。为针对不同围护结构建立考虑多因素影响的冲击破坏概率模型，提出了一种基于马格努斯效应的板状碎片三维轨迹方程的板状碎片冲击破坏概率模型。与现有模型相比，额外考虑了在不同风速风向下板状碎片来源、起飞初始条件和建筑相对位置对屋面冲击破坏概率的影响。利用风速15 m·s^-1~45 m·s^-1，风向0°~90°和上游建筑高度8.0 m~12.5 m作为模型的输入，实现了可考虑多因素影响的板状碎片对低矮建筑屋面冲击破坏的概率估计，验证了模型的实用性。该模型计算过程简单，可应用于建筑屋面易损性分析。

关键词:飞掷物;冲击破坏概率模型;板状碎片;建筑屋面;强风作用

Abstract:

The impact of windborne debris on buildings is one of the most important causes of envelope destruction in strong wind. To build an impact damage probability model considering multiple factors for different type of building envelopes， an impact damage probability model of plate-like debris based on the three-dimensional plate-like debris trajectory considering Magnus effect is proposed. Compared with the commonly used models， this model additionally considers the effects of parameters of debris including different sources， initial conditions and relative positions of buildings at different wind speeds and in different wind directions. An impact damage estimation of a low-rise building roof considering multiple factors is given using the wind speeds of 15 m·s^-1~45 m·s^-1， the wind directions of 0°~90°， and the upstream building heights of 8.0 m~12.5 m to verify the availability of the model. The calculation method of this model is simple and can be applied to the vulnerability analysis of building roofs.

Key words:windborne debris;impact damage probability model;plate-like debris;building roof;strong wind