风险场景驱动的次任务驾驶行为对接管绩效的影响

Impact of Risk Scenario-driven Secondary Task Driving Behavior on Takeover Performance

摘要:

以高风险场景元素参数为控制权切换条件，探究次任务对驾驶人接管绩效的影响。从NGSIM数据集中提取旁车切入高风险场景作为控制权切换条件，使用皮尔逊相关性检验分析不同接管绩效指标间的相关性，利用单因素方差分析比较不同次任务资源占用模式与可中断性对接管绩效指标的影响。结果表明，接管时间与接管过程的横纵向操纵能力、安全性、接管效率相互耦合。增加视觉占用会增大0.26 s的接管反应时间并破坏车辆纵向稳定性与接管效率，增加听觉占用会增大0.45 s的接管反应时间并降低接管效率，增加认知占用会减小0.23 s的接管反应时间并提升接管安全性，增加操作占用会增大0.21 s的接管反应时间并增大接管过程的最大横向加速度，次任务可中断性会减小0.23 s的接管反应时间，但对接管后续车辆控制相关的指标无显著影响。

Abstract:

In this paper， high-risk scenario element parameters are used as control switching conditions to explore the impact of secondary tasks on driver takeover performance. Specifically， the high-risk scenario of adjacent vehicles entering is extracted from the NGSIM dataset as the control switching condition. The Pearson correlation test is used to analyze the correlation between different takeover performance indicators， and one-way ANOVA is used to analyze the impact of the resource occupation mode and interruptibility of secondary tasks on takeover performance indicators. The results show that the takeover time is coupled with the lateral and longitudinal maneuverability， safety， and takeover efficiency during the takeover process. Increasing visual occupation increases the takeover reaction time by 0.26 s and undermines the vehicle longitudinal stability and takeover efficiency. Increasing auditory occupation increases the takeover reaction time by 0.45 s and reduces the takeover efficiency. Increasing cognitive occupation decreases the takeover reaction time by 0.23 s and improves the takeover safety. Increasing operational occupation increases the takeover reaction time by 0.21 s and increases the maximum lateral acceleration during the takeover process. The interruptibility of secondary tasks reduces the takeover reaction time by 0.23 s， but has no significant impact on subsequent vehicle control related indicators during the takeover.