载人月球探测科学研究发展概述与趋势分析

Development Overview and Trend Analysis of Scientific Research in Manned Lunar Exploration

摘要:

月球是具有重要科学价值与战略价值的自然天体，开展载人月球探测，实现中国人首次登陆地外天体，将成为航天强国建设的重要标志。在载人月球探测过程中，可利用月球特殊条件及资源，开展有人参与的科学研究活动，获取月球科学、月基科学和月球资源利用等方面的研究成果。首先回顾了阿波罗计划、阿尔忒弥斯计划、嫦娥工程等月球探测任务，针对其中的科学研究任务实施情况及关键成果进行了总结，并分析了后续载人月球科学任务发展趋势。在此基础上，对人类在开展未来载人月球探测任务过程中重点部署的方向提出了建议，涉及月球样品采集、月球科学探测，以及月球原位资源利用等方面。对载人月球探测科学研究发展趋势的分析及建议，可为未来载人登月相关论证设计提供参考。

Abstract:

Lunar is a near-Earth celestial body with great scientific and strategic value. Implementation of manned lunar exploration with the first Chinese landing on an extraterrestrial body will be the significant milestone in building a strong aerospace country. In manned lunar exploration engineering， the special conditions and resources of Lunar can be fully utilized to carry out a series of scientific activities with manned participation， which can contribute to new achievements in lunar science， lunar-based science and utilization of lunar resources. In this paper， the lunar exploration engineering such as Apollo program， Artemis Program and Chang ’e Engineering are analyzed， especially the mission implementation and key achievements with regard to scientific research domain， and the development tendency of scientific mission in manned lunar exploration is summarized. Furthermore， the preliminary implementation suggestions of scientific research in manned lunar exploration are put forward， which involves the lunar samples collection， the scientific exploration of lunar， and the in-situ resources utilization on lunar surface. The analyze of development tendency and the implementation suggestions of scientific research in manned lunar exploration can provide design reference of future missions.