混凝土桥梁结构全寿命可持续性成本量化模型

Quantitative Models for Life-Cycle Sustainability Cost of Concrete Bridge Structures

摘要:

为了在规划设计阶段定量化地考虑工程结构的环境和社会影响，提出一种综合性的全寿命可持续性成本指标框架和计算模型。在环境影响方面，将空气、水体和土壤污染物的防治成本作为量化指标，提出工程活动、交通绕行和交通拥堵引起的环境成本模型，汇总常见建筑材料和燃料动力的环境成本费率。在社会影响方面，提出社会成本量化模型，涵盖施工和交通安全、客货运输、区域经济、居住环境和公共服务等方面。以沿海桥梁维护方案比选为例，说明全寿命可持续性成本的参数取值和计算方法。结果表明，对于占用车道的桥梁维修方案，环境和社会成本之和远超直接经济成本，而不占用车道的维护方案的环境和社会成本很少，其中环氧涂层方案的可持续性优于电化学除氯方案。

Abstract:

To quantitatively consider the environmental and social impacts of engineering structures at the planning and design stage， a comprehensive life-cycle sustainability cost framework and corresponding computational models are proposed. In terms of environmental impacts， the costs of preventing and controlling air， water， and soil pollutants are used as quantitative indicators， the environmental costs arising from engineering activities， traffic detours and congestion are modelled， and the environmental cost rates of common construction materials and fuels are summarized. In terms of social impacts， social cost calculation models are proposed， covering construction and traffic safety， passenger and freight transportation， regional economy， residential environment， and public services. The parameter values and calculation methods for life-cycle sustainability costs are illustrated with the comparison and selection of maintenance schemes for coastal bridges. For bridge maintenance schemes that occupy lanes， the sum of environmental and social costs far exceeds the direct economic costs， while maintenance schemes that do not occupy lanes have fewer environmental and social costs. Furthermore， among these maintenance schemes， the sustainability of the epoxy coating scheme is superior to that of the electrochemical chloride extraction scheme.