电驱传动高速端齿轮系啸叫机理及优化设计

Mechanism and Optimal Design of High-Speed Stage Gear Whine of Electric Drive Transmission

摘要:

为解决高速电驱传动系统的齿轮啸叫问题，在传统齿轮修形方式的基础上，基于传动系统动态啮合刚度计算，探讨了电驱传动高速端齿轮系振动响应分析及结构优化设计方法。首先，将高速端齿轮系离散为齿轮副单元和轴段单元并进一步耦合轴承—壳体单元，给出了对应单元的动力学方程，建立了系统动力学模型；其次，推导了动态啮合刚度数学模型，以齿轮副传递误差和动态啮合刚度乘积作为激励力，求解了系统扭转振动响应；之后，结合某电驱传动系统，开展了振动响应仿真并与实测结果进行对比，验证了系统动力学模型及基于动态啮合刚度求解振动响应的有效性；最后，研究了不同齿轮副布局形式及零件结构对动态啮合刚度和传递误差的影响，制定了结构优化方案并对优化前后实测结果进行比较。结果表明，优化后高速端齿轮系振动响应明显下降，齿轮啸叫问题得到有效改善。研究结果可为电驱传动齿轮系统的优化设计提供思路。

Abstract:

To solve the gear whine problem of the high-speed electric drive transmission system， the vibration response analysis and structural optimization design method of high-speed stage gear system of electric drive transmission were discussed based on the traditional method of the gear modification and the dynamic meshing stiffness calculation of transmission system. First， the high-speed stage gear system was divided into the gear pair unit and the discrete shaft unit， and the bearing-housing unit was coupled. The modularized equations of motion for the corresponding units were built and the system dynamic model was established. Then， the mathematical model of dynamic meshing stiffness was deduced and vibration response was calculated under the exciting force which was the product of transmission error and dynamic meshing stiffness. Afterwards， based on an electric drive transmission system， a comparative analysis of vibration response simulation result and test result was conducted， and the validity of system dynamic model and the vibration response analysis through dynamic meshing stiffness were verified. Finally， with the change of different layout forms and component structure， the influence of different gear pair layouts and component structures on the dynamic meshing stiffness and transmission error were studied. The structural optimization scheme was made and test result of before and after optimization were compared. The results show that the optimized scheme vibration response of high-speed stage gear system drops significantly and the problem of gear whine is effectively improved. The research can provide new idea for the design of electric transmission gear systems.