混凝土漂浮结构的设计简介及其可持续性提升建议

A Critical Review and Suggestions for Sustainability Improvement of Floating Concrete Structures

摘要:

气候变化与城镇化进程使得各国土地资源日渐紧缺，漂浮结构为向海图强和城镇绿色发展提供了新思路。整理了混凝土漂浮结构在城镇民用建筑、可再生能源设施与交通设施领域的应用现状，阐明漂浮结构具有拓展用地空间、缩短施工时间、减少建设成本并降低环境影响的综合效益。同时，总结了漂浮结构传统设计模式下的技术要点：运动与受力分析；安全性校验；模块化设计。在总体评估的基础上提出了从结构再利用、材料再循环和组合混凝土衍生漂浮结构设计三个层面提升漂浮结构的可持续性，建议推广再生混凝土、海水海砂混凝土与组合混凝土衍生结构在漂浮结构中的应用。

Abstract:

Land resources are gradually becoming limited due to urbanization and climate change. The advent of floating structures provides new opportunities for bolstering maritime capabilities and promoting eco-friendly urban development. The use of floating concrete structures in public buildings， renewable energy facilities， and transportation infrastructures is summarized in this paper. Floating structures efficiently expand landmass， shorten construction period， reduce costs， and minimize impacts on the ecology. Moreover， three technical aspects of floating structures are given， including kinematic and mechanical analysis， safety verification， and module design. Furthermore， based on the overall evaluation， it is recommended to improve the sustainability of floating structures from three approaches structure reuse， material recycling， and optimized design of composite concrete floating structures. Correspondingly， the applications of recycled aggregate concrete， seawater sea-sand concretes， and composite concrete structures are suggested in building floating structures.