滨海湿地有机碳来源与通量估算研究进展

Review of Organic Carbon Sources and Flux Estimation of Coastal Wetlands

摘要:

河口近岸地区是有机碳输运与埋藏的高度动态场所，在全球碳循环中发挥着重要作用，研究滨海湿地有机碳的动态变化对于评估滨海生态系统碳的“源/汇”效应具有重要意义。围绕河口地区的有机碳交换，明确了滨海湿地有机碳的垂向埋藏机制及其与近海地区的横向传输过程，梳理了当前有机碳来源示踪方法与有机碳通量估算方法。在长期野外观测和实验室测定有机碳的基础上，探讨了遥感技术在河口有机碳反演和估算方面的应用，并对国内外主要的滨海湿地生态系统碳循环模型研究成果进行了分析。建议未来研究进一步提高现有模型的适用性与稳定性，结合长期野外观测、室内实验室测定、卫星遥感监测及碳循环模型模拟等技术手段，对河口碳汇能力进行精准量化与高精度模拟预测。

Abstract:

Estuarine is a highly dynamic place for organic carbon transport and burial， which plays an important role in global carbon cycle. The organic carbon dynamics in coastal wetlands is important for assessing the “source/sink” effect of carbon in coastal ecosystems. This paper focuses on the organic carbon exchange in estuaries. First. it illustrates the vertical burial mechanism of organic carbon in coastal wetlands and its lateral transport process with offshore areas. Then， it summarizes the current methods of organic carbon source tracing and organic carbon flux estimation. Afterwards， it discusses the application of remote sensing technology in the inversion and estimation of organic carbon in estuaries， based on the generalization of field observation instruments and laboratory measurement techniques for determining organic carbon components. Finally， it conducts a comparison of the research of the carbon cycle models of coastal wetland ecosystems. It proposes that future research should focus on improving the applicability and stability of the models， and that the long-term field observations， laboratory techniques， satellite remote sensing monitoring and carbon cycle model simulations should be combined to accurately quantify and predict the carbon sink capacity of estuaries with high-precision simulations.