振动环境下单相喷雾冷却试验研究

Experimental Study of Single-Phase Spray Cooling in a Vibrating Environment

摘要:

车载电子设备的热管理系统均涉及振动条件，而有效的振动控制能够改善热环境中流体的对流传热，但目前振动工况对单相喷雾冷却传热性能的影响机制尚未明晰。为研究各种振动工况下单相喷雾冷却的传热性能，本文构建了一个闭环振动表面喷雾冷却系统，结合试验研究，探讨了振动雷诺数（Re_v）、量纲为一加速度数（A_c）、振幅及频率对单相喷雾冷却传热性能的影响机制。研究表明：Re_v和振幅的增加会导致传热系数和传热增强因子被抑制，当加热功率为200 W、Re_v为4 947时，喷雾冷却被抑制了37%；相对地，高A_c和频率可以改善喷雾冷却的传热，在加热功率为200 W、 A_c为3.6时，喷雾冷却传热性能增强了17%。研究结果可供基于振动工况下的喷雾冷却热管理系统优化参考。

关键词:热管理系统;单相喷雾冷却;振动雷诺数;量纲一加速度数;传热系数;振动增强因子

Abstract:

The thermal management systems for vehicular electronic devices often operate under vibrational conditions， and effective vibrational control can enhance convective heat transfer of the fluid. However， the current understanding of the influence of vibration on the heat transfer performance of single-phase spray cooling remains unclear. To investigate the thermal performance of single-phase spray cooling under various vibrational conditions， a closed-loop vibrating surface spray cooling system has been established in this work. Through experimental investigation， the study explores the influence mechanisms of Vibrational Reynolds Number （Re_v）， Dimensionless Acceleration Number （A_c）， amplitude， and frequency on single-phase spray cooling performance. The findings indicate that an increase in Re_v and amplitude results in a suppression of heat transfer coefficient and heat transfer enhancement factor； specifically， spray cooling is suppressed by 37% when the heating power is 200 W and Re_v is 4 947. Conversely， higher Ac and frequency can improve the thermal performance of spray cooling， enhancing it by 17% when the heating power is 200 W and the Ac number is 3.6. The results from this study can be utilised for optimising spray cooling thermal management systems under vibrational conditions.

Key words:thermal management systems;single-phase spray cooling;vibrational reynolds number;dimensionless acceleration number;heat transfer coefficient;heat transfer enhancement factor