基于间隙接受理论的高速公路双车道入口辅助车道长度

Length of Auxiliary Lanes at Dual-Lane Highway Entrances Based on Gap Acceptance Theory

摘要:

为研究高速公路双车道入口辅助车道的合理长度，采用路侧激光雷达获取车辆在辅助车道区域的运行速度和车头时距数据并分析其分布特征；采用无人机航拍视频及Tracker车辆追踪软件获取入口辅助车道路段的接受间隙和拒绝间隙，通过Raff临界间隙估算方法确定路段的临界间隙为2.475 s。根据驾驶人在入口辅助车道路段的驾驶行为，结合路段车辆运行和微观换道特性，建立了双车道入口辅助车道长度计算模型，将辅助车道划分为等待距离和左换道距离2个组成部分。基于临界间隙和运行速度与车头时距分布特征，标定了长度计算模型中的相关参数，提出了双车道入口辅助车道长度推荐值。研究结果表明：入口辅助车道长度与车辆运行速度正相关，且辅助车道长度推荐值较《公路路线设计规范》（JTG D20—2017）规定值小，说明规定值有一定的长度富余，在用地紧张路段可控制车辆运行速度，适当缩短辅助车道长度。

Abstract:

To investigate the appropriate length of the auxiliary lane at a two-lane highway entrance， this study utilizes roadside LiDAR to collect data on vehicle operating speeds and headway distributions within the auxiliary lane area and analyzes their distribution characteristics. Additionally， UAV aerial videos combined with Tracker vehicle tracking software are employed to obtain accepted and rejected gaps at the entrance auxiliary lane section. Using the Raff critical gap estimation method， the critical gap for this section is determined to be 2.475 s. Based on driver behavior in the entrance auxiliary lane section， as well as vehicle operation characteristics and microscopic lane-changing behaviors， a length calculation model for the two-lane entrance auxiliary lane is established. The auxiliary lane is divided into two components： waiting distance and left lane-changing distance. The model parameters are calibrated based on the critical gap， vehicle speed， and headway distribution characteristics， and a recommended length for the two-lane entrance auxiliary lane is proposed. The results indicate that the length of the entrance auxiliary lane is positively correlated with vehicle speed. Moreover， the recommended auxiliary lane length proposed in this study is shorter than the value specified in the Design Specification for Highway Alignment， suggesting that the existing standard provides a certain length margin. In land-constrained areas， vehicle operating speed can be regulated to appropriately shorten the auxiliary lane length， optimizing land use efficiency.