基于无人机观测的城市郊区临街区域颗粒物时空分布

Spatiotemporal Distribution of Particulate Matter in Urban Near-road Communities Using UAV

摘要:

道路交通污染已成为城市的主要污染源，临街社区最容易受到交通污染的影响。利用无人机对城市临街小区内空气污染物的三维分布进行实地监测，归纳其三维分布规律，通过分析不同交通条件，不同建成环境以及不同气象条件等情景，解释污染物在城市临街小区三维分布成因。发现大型柴油车对于道路污染源排放强度的影响极大，12%的大型柴油车可以贡献55%的PM₁排放。同时根据道路两侧的用地情况不同，在90m高度以下，PM₁的水平影响范围为100~350m，90~300m高度内，PM₁的水平影响范围可达500m以上。

Abstract:

Road traffic pollution has become a major source of pollution in cities， and street-facing communities are the most vulnerable to traffic pollution. This paper aims to use unmanned aerial vehicle（UAV） to monitor the three-dimensional distribution of air pollutants in urban street-facing communities， summarize their three-dimensional distribution rules， and explain the causes of three-dimensional distribution of pollutants in urban street-facing communities by analyzing different traffic conditions， different built environments and different meteorological conditions. This paper finds that large diesel vehicles have a great impact on the emission intensity of road pollution sources， and 12% of large diesel vehicles can contribute 55% of PM₁ emissions. At the same time， according to the different land use conditions on both sides of the road， below 90m altitude， the horizontal impact range of PM₁ is 100m to 350m， and within the height of 90m to 300m， the horizontal influence range of PM₁ can reach more than 500m.