南极科考舱室光环境评价与队员长航睡眠情绪状态分析

Assessment of Light Environment on Antarctic Research Vessels and Investigation into Sleep and Mood of Expeditioners

摘要:

为探究南极科考数10天海上航行过程中光照、温湿度、风速等环境要素的骤变对科考队员身心状态的影响机制及其引发的多次人体适应性变化规律，对雪龙号与雪龙 2 号开展了实地测量与海上航行调研。通过主观问卷评估不同舱室空间类型的光环境现状以及队员在长航期间各阶段的睡眠与情绪状态，提出舱室光环境设计策略。结果显示，舱室空间光环境问题集中在自然采光不足与色彩陈旧、不鲜明方面。雪龙号队员睡眠质量评分呈逐步下降趋势，雪龙2号先下降后上升，且航段末期雪龙2号的评分显著高于雪龙号（p<0.05）。雪龙号队员主要受睡眠质量差与烦躁情绪困扰，而雪龙2号面临晕动症等适应性不良疾病与孤独、紧张情绪。83%的队员希望在舱室内适当添加彩色光。通过分析光环境与睡眠、情绪的关系，针对性优化舱室照明，提升队员航海期间的生活工作环境质量。

Abstract:

To investigate the influence of sudden changes in light， temperature， humidity， wind speed， and other environmental factors on the physical and mental state of expedition members during a sea voyage to Antarctica lasting for several weeks， as well as the rules governing human adaptation to these changes， field measurements and sea voyage surveys were conducted on Xuelong and Xuelong 2. Subjective questionnaires were used to assess the light environment in different cabin spaces and the sleep and mood of expedition members in various stages of the voyage. A design strategy for the cabin light environment was then proposed. The findings indicate that the cabin spaces are affected by insufficient natural light and outdated， inadequately vivid colors. The sleep quality score of Xuelong members exhibits a gradual decline， while that of Xuelong 2 initially decreases but later increases. At the end of the voyage， the sleep quality score of Xuelong 2 is significantly higher than that of Xuelong （p<0.05）. The members on Xuelong primarily experiences sleep disturbances and irritability， whereas those on Xuelong 2 encounters motion sickness， loneliness， and nervousness. Approximately 83% of the members expressed a desire to incorporate colored lighting in the cabin. The analysis of the relationship between light environment and sleep and mood indicates that targeted optimization of cabin lighting can help to improve the quality of the living and working environment of the expedition members during the voyage.