轨道出行质量对城郊轨道站客流吸引力的影响

Effect of Rail Trip Quality on Passenger Attraction of Urban and Suburban Rail Stations

摘要:

采用轨道站每日进出站客流量和轨道站域人群选择轨道出行的比例共同表征轨道站客流吸引力。为探究轨道站点客流吸引力的影响因素，从出行链角度提出“门到站+站到门”和“站到站”的轨道出行质量测度方法。以上海主城区和郊区为例，分别以轨道站客流量和站域人群的轨道出行比例为因变量，建立多尺度地理加权回归（MGWR）模型，分析轨道出行质量对轨道站点客流吸引力的影响。回归结果表明，主城区站点客流受“门到站+站到门”出行质量的影响较大；郊区站点客流量主要受站域建成环境和“站到站”出行质量的影响，尤其是小汽车与轨道“站到站”的出行时间比；郊区人群的轨道出行比例主要受用地功能混合度和距市中心距离的影响，部分偏远站点受轨道出行质量的影响较大。

Abstract:

In this paper， we use a combination of the ridership of rail stations and the proportion of rail trips to characterize the passenger attraction of rail stations. In order to investigate the factors influencing the passenger attraction of rail stations， the “door-to-station + station-to-door” and “station-to-station” rail trip quality measurement method is proposed， from the perspective of the trip chain. Taking the urban and suburban areas of Shanghai as an example， a multi-scale geographically weighted regression （MGWR） model of the factors influencing the passenger attraction of rail stations is built， with the ridership of rail stations and the proportion of rail trips as dependent variables， respectively. The regression results show that the ridership in urban stations is strongly influenced by the quality of “door-to-station + station-to-door” trips. And the ridership in suburban stations is mainly influenced by built environment and the quality of “station-to-station” trips， especially the ratio of travel time between car and rail. The proportion of rail trips in suburban people is primarily influenced by the functional mix of the site and the distance from the city center， and some remote sites are also heavily influenced by the rail trip quality.