基于驾驶模拟的长隧道交通安全设施组合设置方法及效用评估

Setting Method and Performance Evaluation of Combined Traffic Safety Facilities in Long Tunnels Based on Driving Simulation

摘要:

以长隧道内交通安全设施组合设置方法为研究对象，旨在确定最佳的设施组合形式和数量，从而提升隧道内的行车安全。研究选取6种常见但现行国标下未全部做出规定的交通安全设施，结合方案复杂度及空间位置组合形成6种方案。通过驾驶模拟实验，采用重复测量方差分析探究不同方案下驾驶行为指标的差异性，构建多指标模糊综合评估模型评价不同组合方案的效用。结果表明，适宜的交通安全设施组合可以提升长隧道内驾驶人操控稳定性，其中“道钉+立面标记+轮廓标+双条腰线”组合方案能提升驾驶人对隧道内空间路权的感知，而过多累加或在同一位置设置多种交通安全设施，并不能持续提高隧道行车安全。

Abstract:

This paper focuses on the method of combining traffic safety facilities in long tunnels， aiming to determine the optimal combination form and quantity to enhance driving safety within tunnels. Six common traffic safety facilities， which are not fully specified under current standards， were selected and combined into six schemes based on the scheme complexity and spatial location. Based on driving simulation experiments， repeated measures variance analysis was conducted to explore the differences in each driving behavior indicator under different schemes. A multi-index fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model was developed to evaluate the performance of different combination schemes. The results show that appropriate combinations of traffic safety facilities can enhance the stability of driverss’ control in long tunnels. The combination scheme of “road studs + facade markings + contour marks + double waist lines”can enhance drivers’ perception of road rights within the tunnel. However， excessive accumulation or setting multiple types of traffic safety facilities at the same location does not consistently improve tunnel driving safety.