城市公园绿地植物群落特征与碳汇效益

Plant Community Characteristics and Carbon Sequestration Benefits of Urban Park Green Spaces

摘要:

以重庆两江绿道沿线公园为研究对象，基于36个典型植物群落样地及49种园林植物的实测数据，系统评估碳汇效益并揭示群落结构调控机制。结果表明，在物种尺度上，筛选出17种高碳汇植物，碳汇能力呈现乔木>灌木>草本的显著差异；在群落尺度上，聚类解析发现，树干粗壮高大、冠层郁闭度高的群丛（聚类Ⅰ、Ⅱ）碳汇效益最优，于16个高效群落中脱颖而出；在结构调控方面，对于垂直层片，宜提高高碳汇乔木配比并协同配置高碳汇灌草；对于水平格局，则遵循密林>中密林>疏林的梯度增效规律。据此，从物种遴选、群落构建与空间配置3个维度提出城市绿地高碳汇植物配置优化策略，为提升城市生态系统碳汇韧性与服务以支撑碳中和目标提供了理论依据与实践路径。

Abstract:

Taking the parks along the Liangjiang Greenway in Chongqing as research objects， their carbon sequestration benefits were systematically evaluated and the regulatory mechanisms of community structures were revealed， based on measured data from 36 typical plant community plots and 49 landscaping species. The results show that： at the species scale， 17 high carbon sequestration plants were identified， with the carbon sequestration capacity showing a significant differentiation pattern of trees>shrubs>herbs； at the community scale， cluster analysis revealed that communities with thick trunks， tall stature， and high canopy closure （cluster Ⅰ， cluster Ⅱ） exhibit the optimal carbon sequestration benefits， standing out among 16 high-efficiency communities； regarding the structural regulation， vertical layering should increase the proportion of high carbon sequestration trees while synergistically incorporating high carbon sequestration shrubs and herbs， whereas horizontal pattern follows a gradient efficiency rule of dense forests>moderately dense forests>sparse forests. Accordingly， optimization strategies for high carbon sequestration plant configuration in urban green spaces were proposed from three dimensions： species selection， community construction， and spatial arrangement， providing a theoretical basis and practical pathway for enhancing the carbon sequestration resilience of urban ecosystems and supporting the goal of carbon neutrality.