基于降阶观测器的高速永磁电机无传感器控制方法

Sensorless Control Method for High-Speed Permanent Magnet Motors Based on Reduced-Order Observers

摘要:

针对高速永磁电机无位置传感算法响应速度、动态稳定性及计算效率在低转速工况下提升的挑战，提出一种高频注入降阶估计方法。通过减少位置观测器积分环节并引入带通滤波器，降低了转子相位时延，提高了系统动态响应速度与算法效率。通过引入转子相角位置前馈补偿消除稳态误差，实现无差跟踪。实验结果表明所提方法在300 r·min^-1稳态工况下转子位置估计误差为5.7 °，是传统方法的31 %，动态调节时间缩短30 %，算法计算耗时减少18 %。所提方法具有响应优、动态稳、计算快等优点，满足高速电机快速可靠起动的要求。

Abstract:

To address the challenges of the non-position sensing algorithm in response speed， dynamic stability and calculation time of high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor under low speed conditions， a new high-frequency injection down-order estimation method is proposed. By reducing the integration link of the position observer and the use of the bandpass filter， the phase delay of the rotor is reduced， and the dynamic response and algorithm efficiency of the system are improved. Moreover， the steady-state error is eliminated by introducing the feedforward compensation of the rotor’s phase angle position， realizing error-free tracking. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieved a rotor position estimation error of 5.7 ° under steady-state conditions at 300 r·min^-1， which is only ?31 % of that of conventional methods. Additionally， the settling time during dynamic conditions is reduced by ?30 %?， and the computational time of the algorithm decreases by ?18 %?. The proposed method exhibites advantages such as ?fast response， stable dynamics， and reduces computational load， meeting the requirements for rapid and reliable startup in high-speed motor systems.