区域铁路通道高铁列车开行方案优化

Optimization of High-speed Train Operation Scheme in Regional Railway Corridors

摘要:

针对区域铁路通道内多条高速铁路的列车开行方案优化问题，构建列车开行方案与客流分配的双层规划模型。上层以铁路运营企业收益最大为目标，下层以旅客广义出行费用最小为目标，将各起终点（OD）需求视为不同商品，采用多商品流整数规划进行客流分配。设计嵌套启发式求解算法，上层采用模拟退火算法结合基于客座率反馈的邻域搜索策略，下层模型利用GUROBI求解。算例计算结果表明，优化后的列车开行方案与客流需求更加匹配，平均客座率约97%；整体优化与各线路独立优化相比，客票收入差异较小，可变成本减少18.4%。

Abstract:

In this paper， a bi-level programming model is built for the train operation scheme optimization of multiple high-speed railway lines within a regional railway corridor， with the passenger assignment integrated into the planning process. The railway operator revenue maximization is set as the upper-level objective， while the passenger generalized travel cost minimization is adopted as the lower-level objective. Each OD demand is treated as a distinct commodity， and passenger flows are assigned using a multi-commodity flow integer programming model. A nested heuristic solution algorithm is designed： the upper-level problem is solved by simulated annealing combined with a feedback neighborhood search strategy based on seat load factors， and the lower-level model is solved using GUROBI. Case study results show that the optimized train operation scheme better matches passenger flow demand， with an average seat load factor of approximately 97%. Compared with the line-by-line independent optimization， the integrated corridor optimization shows a relatively small difference in ticket revenue and reduces variable cost by 18.4%.