Abstract:This paper describes a specific laboratory test method for measuring asphalt mixture shear resistance, which was denominated as co-axle shear strength test. The test rationality and reliability was discussed and emphasized, with correct analysis and description of stressed characteristics of asphalt pavement. According to finite element analysis results and co-axle shear test specimen failure plane, the position of max shear stress was determined then. Defining the max shear stress in specimen under 1kN unit vertical loading as shear strength coefficient, which was hardly influenced by mixture modules in normal temperature range from 15℃ to 60℃. Then shear strength coefficient was given as a constant and equals to 0.14MPa/kN. Following these, the regression analysis of laboratory test results shows good relationship between co-axle shear strength and permanent deformation or DS.