Impact Characteristics and Fortification Standards of Cold Wave Disasters in Urban Water Supply Systems

Abstract:

The cold wave disaster impact law and fortification standards of urban water supply system were studied in Shanghai as an example. First， the extreme cold waves in Shanghai from the end of 2020 to the beginning of 2021 were studied， focusing on the analysis of water supply system pressure， flow， pipeline maintenance， and other water supply facility function damages during cold waves. Using the meteorological data of the past 60 years， the statistical analysis of meteorological cold wave events in Shanghai over the years was conducted， and the distribution patterns of six cold wave characteristic indicators， i.e.， the minimum temperature of the day， 24h cooling， 48h cooling， 72h cooling， process minimum temperature， and duration， were given. The Poisson distribution was used to calculate the recurrence period and the probability of exceeding the annual minimum temperature in Shanghai， and the recommended standards for temperature setting of exposed facilities such as water meters were given. The correlation analysis was performed by temperature data and pipeline maintenance data， and the temperature benchmarks that adversely affect the operation of pipelines were identified from the perspective of maintenance rate. The research results of this paper can provide theoretical support for the safe operation and management of the water supply industry in Shanghai.