Extreme Aerodynamic Characteristics and Torque Equivalent Distribution of Electric Vehicles Under Wind and Rain Scene

Abstract:

Under extreme and severe weather conditions， vehicles frequently experience stability loss incidents such as skidding and rollovers. In intelligent transportation systems， vehicles enhance driving stability and safety through advanced environmental perception and efficient distributed drive systems. In crosswind and rain conditions， the complex coupling effects of non-uniform transient aerodynamic loads on the vehicle body， tire-road low adhesion， and hydroplaning effects remain critical factors affecting the precise automatic/assisted driving of electric vehicles and are essential for improving driving safety. This paper examines the aerodynamic characteristics and torque allocation of electric vehicles under extreme wind and rain conditions， aiming to enhance driving stability in complex meteorological conditions.The study establishes a numerical calculation model of vehicle body extreme aerodynamics under wind and rain flow fields to investigate the quantitative effects of varying side wind angles and rainfall on aerodynamic loads and driving stability of electric vehicles. Additionally， addressing the torque allocation requirements of the four-wheel independent drive system， this research proposes a torque allocation strategy for equivalent wind and rain aerodynamic loads under distributed drive， accurately reflecting their impact on torque distribution. Finally， incorporating distributed wind and rain aerodynamic loads on four wheels， a CarSim-Simulink co-simulation platform is developed to conduct extreme aerodynamic stability simulation experiments， supporting the advancement of extreme aerodynamic characteristics and driving stability design for electric vehicles.