Abstract:This paper presents a detailed illustration of the structure innovation(SI)in terms of its motivations,premises and approaches.The demands of human society and the continuous changing of architectural function motivate the structure innovation,and the advanced technologies of different disciplines lay a good foundation for structure innovation.Some imponant approaches to SI are also given.The development of structural material,system,function,construction,theories and tests are proposed to be the basis,the core,the new requirement,the realization,the theoretical basis and the validation of SI,respetively.At last,a scientific definition of SI is given from the perspective of its reflection,contents and effects involved in a project.

Abstract:This paper presents two new schemes,the stay cables with carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) and steel composite section and the stay cables with CFRP and steel composite structure.In the former scheme,the CFRP core remains the superior performance of CFRP materials,and the steel coat can provide protection for the CFRP core and excellent anchorage performance is therefore achieved.The ratio of the CFRP section area to the whole section area is determined as the key design parameter.The latter scheme,a cost efficient design,in which the CFRP stay cables and steel stay cables are applied to a bridge’s different spans.The proper values of key parameters are proposed based on a parametric study by means of the analytical solutions and the feasibility of the proposed stay cables is theoretically proved.The proposed stay cable is an ideal alternative to the traditional steel stay cable.

Abstract:A new-type composite steel plate shear wall (CSPSW) is set with gaps between the concrete panel and the boundary members in order to prevent the concrete panel from resisting shear force and to avoid a deterioration caused by the restraining action of the concrete panel on the steel plate. The mechanism of CSPSW and its failure mode show that the gaps lead to diagonal tensile action within the unrestrained region of the steel plate.A simplified model,cross-strip model,was proposed by introducing diagonal compressive bars into the strip model for steel plate shear walls.The cross sectional properties and hysteretic model for the cross strips in the model were determined on the basis of the theoretical analysis.Comparison with experimental results shows that the proposed model can capture accurately nonlinear behavior of CSPSW under monotonic and cyclic loading.

Abstract:Based on the mechanical properties of deteriorated wires which examined by experimental tests and FEM simulation,a new damage model and bilinear approximation of deteriorated wires in suspenders are proposed according to force-displacement envelope of deteriorated wires.The model is cumulative and capable of combining the real constitutive relations of wires,strength,stiffness,ductility,corrosion,and loading history.The new bilinear approximation of the deteriorated wires is advanced based on the exact solutions of integral method and S.M.Elachachi constitutive method.Furthermore,the damage indicator of suspender is established combined with the corrosion distribution and damage indicators of wires.Finally,the rationalization of the proposed model is validated and the sensibility of parameters is illustrated.It is found that the mechanical properties of wires degrade significantly with the corrosion and actual load history.In addition,the damage indicator of suspender is reasonable which reflects the degradation in strength,stiffness and limit strain.

Abstract:Based on Davenport wind speed spectrum,harmonic superposition method was available to simulate the dynamic wind load. Commercial FEM software ANSYS was employed to analyze the three towers and four-span straight-cup-transmission lines model.Geometric nonlinearity was taken into account in FEM model, structural behavior of the transmission tower was investigated when insulator rupture and wind force 10 loading case happened simultaneously.Analytical results show that after insulator rupture, the stress of the main structural members such as the columns remaining connected with the lines increases by 10%~32%,and the base reaction force increases by 6%～21%.The combined action of wind-load and insulator-rupture can not be neglected in design.

Abstract:Based on a test and back analysis,the thermal parameters close to practice can be obtained,which have great influence on the analysis results of temperature field and thermal effects for solar concrete structures.Assuming that the temperature distribution close to the concrete surface is the quadratic function of the coordinate,the back-analysis equations of thermal conductivity,heat transfer coefficient and absorption coefficient of solar radiation are derived based on one dimension Fourier equation of heat conduction and thermal boundary conditions.And the back-analysis equations for coefficient of thermal expansion is presented based on the physical explanation.Finally back-analysis of thermal parameters for a concrete slab is made through the measured temperature,strain and meteorological data.

Abstract:Based on the nonlinear dynamic time history analysis,a slightly curved simple supported isolated bridge is studies,to investigate the characteristic and the rule of parameters of the lead rubber bearing ( LRB).Results show that the moment at the bottom of piers and the displacements of LRB to near fault earthquake ground motions are larger than those to far fault earthquake ground motions.It is efficient to reduce the response of isolated bridge to the near fault earthquake ground motions by isolation technology.The bearing displacement decreases with the increment of the initial stiffness and the yielding strength,while the moment at the bottom of the pier varies with the change of the different stiffness and pulse types.

Abstract:Based on a case study of underground projects at a power station in Shanghai area,the researches on the dynamic characteristics of liquefiable sandy silt are conducted by means of dynamic triaxial tests with a consideration of such influencing factors on liquefaction as cyclic stress,consolidation pressure,structure,particle composition and parameters for liquefaction evaluation are obtained.The seed simplified method is adopted to verify the results of the laboratory method.Some scientific conclusions on earthquake resistant design of this project are proposed and can be referred to the similar engineering projects of ground improvement for liquefaction mitigation.

Abstract:The displacement between surrounding rock and lining assumed to be the consecutive,the elastic-plastic stress unified solutions of a circular hydraulic tunnel with lining are obtained based on unified strength theory and elastic-brittle-plastic softening model by taking into consideration the effects of principal stress orders in different engineering conditions,rock strain softening,and the intermediate principal stress.A series of stress fields and the plastic radius versus inner pressures are obtained by choosing different unified strength theory parameters.A case study shows that the obtained result is more accurate and closer to the practical engineering if taking the different maximal principal stress into account.The influence laws of the unified strength theory parameters and strain softening characteristic parameters on the tunnel tangential stress are discussed. The results show that tangential stresses of lining and surrounding rock in the plastic zone are significantly influenced by the unified strength theory parameters and strain softening characteristic parameters.

Abstract:Based on the multi-scale asymptotic expansion,a mixed finite element method is discussed on anisotropic meshes.The method involves homogenization theory in small periodic elastic structure of composite materials.The error estimates in L2norm for displacement vector and H(div)norm for strain tensor are derived. Relieving regularity assumption,this element is more practical.Finally,the numerical results validate the theoretical analysis.

Abstract:Travel demand forecasts are subject to great uncertainties.A systematic uncertainty analysis provides insight into the level of confidence in the model outputs,and can lead to identification of the critical sources of uncertainty.An uncertainty analysis is made of a combined travel demand model (CTDM) with the sensitivity-based analytical method(SAM).The CTDM,on the basis of a single unifying rationale,is formulated as a nonlinear programming problem,and the sensitivity analysis is also made.The uncertainty analysis includes both input uncertainty and parameter uncertainty.The SAM,which requires less computational effort than sampling-based method in the uncertainty analysis,can obtain similar accuracy and can investigate the input uncertainty and parameter uncertainty separately.In order to improve credible level of outputs,to increase the accuracy of parameters is more effective than that of inputs.

Abstract:Based on basic concept of accident causing theory and Haddon Matrix,the road traffic safety indicator system is established with analytic hierarchy process(AHP).The final weight vector is then calculated with the least squares distance method based on the weight vectors concluded from experts’ judgment matrixes.The evaluation baseline is drawn by means of clustering algorithm on the basis of the period data of the motorized countries during their first road traffic modernization.The quantitative value weighted function is adopted for establishing the comprehensive evaluation model,and the result turns out to be the road traffic safety modernization index.At last,the historical trend of Chinese modernization index is obtained,and the overall safety level and the individual indictors are studied.Also the limitation of the evaluation model is analyzed.

Abstract:Accessibility coordination scheme of urban rail transit network especially for the first and last trains plays a significant role in promoting the intelligent management of UMT system.The dynamic accessibility between ODs mainly depends on the physical network as well as train operational network,which effected by determinate control of train diagram and uncertainty of transfer time.The paper sets up a coordination model of first and last trains’ dynamic accessibility of UMT network,which consists of absolute accessibility,conditional accessibility and inaccessibility levels in terms of elastic transfer time,then gives the calculation procedure.It indicates the results of accessible time domain of first and last trains can be used for passengers’ trip guide.

Abstract:Car flow routing optimization is decomposed into two parts:the evaluative function computing of car flow order and the car flow order permutation optimization.The paper first presents the definition of the function to evaluate the order,and then the introduction of the traveling salesman problem.By inducing that the car flow order permutation optimization is traveling salesman problem,an analysis is made of the computational complexity of the car flow routing optimization.The paper also presents a genetic algorithm with designing of priority weight coding,fitness function of population individuals and relevant genetic operation.And simulation results based on a real case are given.Compared with tabu search algorithm, genetic algorithm is lower in computational precision while retaining such advantages of low computing cost and low request of hardware.Therefore,the chioce of the method is based on the real situation,and a combination of the two methods is proposed if permission.

Abstract:The technical solution for energy saving on electrified railways is usually provided by optimizing driving strategy,regenerative braking and energy storage systems.For consuming traction energy more efficiently during a single-train journey,an effective method is trading-off reductions in energy by setting a reasonable running time.Coasting control is a viable means to balance the specific run-time and the energy consumption.However,identifying the necessary coast starting points under the constraints of current service conditions is not simple.The paper presents an application of simplex method to searching for the appropriate coast points for urban mass transit trains and an investigation of the feasibility and performance of this searching measures in locating coast points with the aid of a single train simulator,according to specified inter-station run times.

Abstract:The process of passengers passing through three-roller gates in Shanghai during commute time is observed and analyzed in this paper, main influence factors on gate capacity,the size of the package,the way people use the card and the passenger group,are studied.The results show that there is a significant difference between public traffic card (IC card) and magnetic card.Based on statistical analysis, the time interval of passengers passing through three-roller gates is determined by taking into consideration the main types of commuting passengers with different sizes of packages and different cards in railway station.The calculation method of the three-roller gates capacity and the calibration of the main parameters are put forward,which provide the necessary basis for the planning and design of the railway station three-roller gates,as well as the station’s passenger operations and the development of emergency-response plans.

Abstract:The quantization of energy consumption and psychology burden is called transfer resistance, which is classified into physical and psychological impedance. Physical resistance defined based on different energy consumptions under different routes and facilities.Based on the physical resistance, the technical point on passenger’s psychology resistance is proposed by using the KLP (Kishi’s Logit PSM) method, then psychological impedance is determined.As a result,the transfer convenience in urban rail can be evaluated,which is helpful for the planning standard establishment and the improvement of the design of interchange hub and will make the value of transfer cost more precise.

Abstract:Based on the present battery models,a novel non-linear battery model based on equivalent circuit was proposed.Furthermore,a method using Kalman filter to identify the inner resistance of the battery was studied which led to a resistance adaptive battery model.Two experiments, in which the battery underwent different current cycles and different temperatures, were implemented to test the battery model.Results show that the model proposed can describe the dynamic characteristics of the battery pack very well even when the battery pack varies caused by current,state of charge (SOC) and temperature etc.

Abstract:This paper focuses on the characteristic parameter optimization of the planetary gear set (PGS),which is the teeth number ratio of the ring gear and the sun gear.And it is the critical part of the powertrain matching.At first,the power components were selected according to the vehicle performance and the criterions for the power components selection were presented.The energy management for the hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) was also formulated.Then the dynamics and the kinematic characteristics of the PGS were analyzed and the differential equations for the powertrain were constructed.A geometry technique was carried out for optimizing the characteristic parameter of the PGS.The result shows that there is a functional relationship among the optimized ratio,the vehicle maximum velocity and the maximum speed of all the power components.The simulation in the Advisor and the analysis show the match in the powertrain is reasonable.And the optimization method is validated.

Abstract:On the basis of the modification theory,relative modification concept of cycloidal gear pair and the appraisal index of the initial backlash are built to solve the problem that cycloidal gear works unsmoothly in pin wheel of the full-hydrostatic steering control units.The major goal of modification is a uniformity of initial backlash,so equidistance modification that has good effect on improving quality of fluid cycloidal pair is chosen.As an example of rp=34 mmrrp=11.1 mm a=3.8 mm,the BZZ full-hydrostatic steering control units cycloidal pair parameter,the initial backlash of equidistance is compared with that of equidistance and the moved distance.The obtained result shows that the initial backlash of modification of equidistance is small and symmetrical in no tie bar cycloidal pair,cycloidal gear is smoothly running in pin wheel,and the sealing performance improves.

Abstract:Based on an analysis of logistics layout in reconfigurable manufacturing system,a method of the dynamic routing planning is proposed for automated guided vehicle(AGV)according to the spatial distribution feature of logistics transport network.Directed graph network model of AGV routing planning was built based on graph theory.Workshop circumstance information was described by the relative position matrix of machine tools,the distance matrix and congestion coefficient.Through reconfiguring system,the transport distance can be shortened effectually.Specific to dynamic change of logistics transport road network,the whole transport network was partitioned with different sub-road networks,and those including transport nodes near the changed location were optimized to obtain best transport routing rapidly.Simulating result verifies the validity and celerity of this method.

Abstract:This paper presents researches on the pulse width modulation(PWM) strategies and the principal for three-level diode-clamped and flying-capacitor converters,especially,the neutral-point unbalanced problem and the control strategies for different topological structures.An investigation was made of the harmonic wave distribution and the aberration rate of the line-voltage in different modulation rates on the basis of the Matlab/Simulink software,which determines the practical topology types in two different modulation strategies(phase disposition and phase shift).Both the theoretical and experimental results prove its practicability and feasibility.

Abstract:Based on the analysis of galloping mechanism of a single degree-of-freedom system,the criterion for galloping in arbitrary directions of quasi-oval shape iced conductors is derived,and the occurrence possibility of along-wind galloping is also theoretically proved in this paper.Then,DenHartog criterion,Nigol criterion and the galloping criterion proposed in this paper are applied to analyzing the aerodynamic forces of quasi-oval shape iced conductors obtained from wind tunnel tests.The results indicate that not only the wind direction at which galloping takes place but also the galloping directions of the iced conductors can be obtained by using the present method.

Abstract:A white-box encryption algorithm is proposed for eliminating vulnerabilities of services composition based on mobile agents.By using multiplication of block matrix on finite fields and secure addition with input and output transformation,the key is hidden in a set of tables.Thus the algorithm controls the risk of key compromise in white-box attack context and provides an approach for encrypting data securely by computing with encrypted functions.The size of implementation of this algorithm is small and therefore suitable for non-fixed composition of services.

Abstract:Uncertainty analysis of system reliability estimate is presented to optimize system reliability estimate.All minimal cut sets were obtained through fault tree qualitative analysis.The fault tree was converted to series parallel system based on minimal cut sets,and the system reliability estimate variance could be approximately represented as a linear combination of the variance estimates of the individual components.Then,some components which have a great effect on the variance associated with the system reliability estimate are discriminated. Finally,efficiency and accuracy of the method was demonstrated through uncertainty analysis of an torpedo system reliability estimate.

Abstract:The evaluation index system of construction waste management was built.An analysis is made of the superiority of the evaluation method based on artificial neural networks in combination with a case study of construction waste management evaluation.The developing of a green construction evaluation model is discussed in detail,and then the model is applied to an evaluation of a project and a satisfactory effect is obtained.

Abstract:An approach to a solution of sequencing machining operation on a machining center was proposed. The artificial neutral networks(ANN) was used to choose machining methods for each feature,the methods were combined to be possible machining schemes,and then genetic algorithm was applied to operation sequencing for the possible machining schemes with the minimization of machine idle times as objective function.The correlative machining features were clustered as a feature for sequencing to simplify the computation,and then the tools path was optimized for the feature with shortest idle path as object.A test part was selected to demonstrate the mechanism of this algorithm. The result shows that the method can improve operation optimization sequencing capability of process system.