Abstract:Knowledge innovation in the supply chain is a complicated relation route network; process of innovation delegate the convergence of capability and demand. Firstly, this paper summarizes the characteristics of knowledge innovation in the supply chain, including: complexity of process, accumulated and evolving process, members cooperation and network integration; then knowledge in the supply chain was described as knowledge flow coupling each enterprise, and three conclusions was educed as following: first, supply chain members should cooperate to realize knowledge sharing; second, knowledge transfer and knowledge conformity should be used to update knowledge; third, supply chain members should continuously innovate to improve knowledge level. On basis of these, according to multi-attribute group decision-making problems dealing with knowledge innovation in the supply chain, the procedure of decision making for knowledge innovation in the supply chain based on multi-attribute decision-making model was discussed and explained from an example.

Abstract:Based on structural health monitoring system of Donghai Bridge, the structural response and environmental factors were measured during the typhoon Krosa. The characteristics of typhoon, wind-induced response and structural modal parameters variation were analyzed. The results demonstrated that the turbulence intensity was increasing with wind speed. The wind induced response also increased when the wind speed increased. The structural modal parameters under typhoon were identified by the method of wavelet transform and singular value decomposition, and the modal parameters during the typhoon also were compared with that under the condition of low wind speed. Influenced by typhoon, structural modal frequencies were decreased and the modal damping ratios were not changed significantly when the wind speed increased.

Abstract:Paraboloid figures in engineering construction are generally used for making transmitting or receiving antenna of electromagnetic waves,in which the reflective surface must be fitted accurately with the designed parabolic equation and the radiation device must be installed accurately on the focus of paraboloid. Therefore,it is necessary to measure a lot of separate points on the paraboloid using electronic total-station with high accuracy during the installation of engineering construction,the estimation of construction precision and the deformation observation after the construction. By which,the plane equation regress of the paraboloid opening,the calculation of the plane normal vector,the coordinates transformation,the circle center fitting,the movement of coordinates axis and the regress of paraboloid equation are practiced to get the paraboloid equation and its focus to satisfy the requirements of the engineering construction,eccuracy estimateion and deformation observation.

Abstract:The control of energy recovery system is increasingly rigid for urban mass transit to save energy and stabilize voltage. To design a reliable control algorithm rapidly and efficiently, a model of supercapacitor based energy recovery system has been presented via Simulink/Stateflow. Furthermore, the features and optimization suggestions of Stateflow are provided. The function of the algorithm model is described briefly and verified via simulation, then the embedded C code suitable for the LF2407A DSP platform is automatically generated. It also generalizes the rapid implementation flow based on DSP and provides suggestions to the rapid implementation iteration process by researching the generated C code, and the rapid transition of bi-directional DC/DC converter is also discussed. Finally an experiment is built to show the validity of this approach. This methodology is suitable for other power electronics control system for the urban mass transit, and it can facilitate the project development and shorten the development cycle.

Abstract:With the constructions of large-scale reservoir projects, the problems of the stabilities of the reservoir banks have been becoming the research focus. To investigate the stability and failure mechanism of underwater rock slopes subjected to wave impactions, a finite element program Ansys was used to model and analyze some types of underwater rock slopes according to general rock structural types.Wave impaction tests were also conducted on two rock slope models with different angles in a wave tank which generated similar regular waves as those in three-gorge reservoir. By analyzing and comparing the results of the model tests and numerical simulations, three zones were divided to the rock slopes close to the water with stress changing similarly in each zone. The results show stress concentration occurs to the slope toe, where failure begins. Plastic zone develops upwards along the discontinuity, which is different from the downward failure mode happened to general slopes. It’s also concluded that the effect of the wave on the slope discontinuity decreases with the slope angle.

Abstract:The anoxic degradation and removal of nitrogenous heterocyclic compound-quinoline, denitrification of acclimated sludge under anoxic conditions,And the effect of pH,C/N ratio, bio-ferric on degradation of quinoline under anoxic conditions were studied by flask-shaking tests. The microbial degradation products was measured and degradation pathway of quinoline in anoxic condition was analyzed.The result s indicate that quinoline was removed through three steps。They are biosorption- desorption- biodegradation. The optimal range of pH was 7~9. The C/ N ratio was not affect the reduction of quinoline greatly. Bio-ferric process cannot increase the degradation of quinoline, quinoline could used as the sole carbon and nitrogen sources for biodegradation.

Abstract:Basing on the traffic conflict technique and videotaping 5 uncontrolled pedestrian crosswalk for 61 timing sections, this paper establishes the pedestrian-vehicle conflict model and severe conflict model with the variables of traffic volume, vehicle speed and pedestrian volume. T and F validation is conducted to ensure the modeling confidence lager than 95%. In addition validation is used to prove that the conflict rate contributes to negative binomial distribution. The conflict probability model is therefore built. Calculating the pedestrian vehicle conflict control benefit and cost in the developed area in China, decision support method on conflict control is advised.

Abstract:Wind-induced dynamic behavior of a high-voltage transmission tower-line system is investigated through an aeroelastic model test in a boundary layer wind tunnel. Dynamic tower failure phenomena were reproduced in wind tunnel tests for the first time. Test results show that the wind-induced vibration of the tower-line coupling system has strong nonlinear characteristic. The higher the wind velocity, the stronger the nonlinearity. Chaos arises in the vibration of the tower structure as the wind velocity reaches certain value. The higher-order model vibration of the tower-line coupling system is remarkable and the energy of it is even stronger than that of the low-order model. The influence of the wires and insulators to the wind responses of the tower enhances as the wind speed increases. The higher-order model vibrations should be considered when the wind-induced dynamic responses of the transmission tower are analyzed. The vibration of the wires and insulators should be considered in designing a transmission tower.

Abstract:Abstract：The concentration of residual chlorine is an important factor indicates the water quality in drinking water distribution system. The monitoring equipments of the residual chlorine on the water distribution system are limited, so the general operational situation of the network can’t be reflected effectively. At present, the water quality model is static which is based on the hydraulic model. In the model, it assumes that the decay parameters of the residual chlorine of the pipes are assumed to be constant, so it is not fit for the multi-sources water distribution system whose chlorine decay parameters are different. In this paper, a new water quality model is established which corresponds with the real network more, solved by the Genetic Algorithm, and optimization result which satisfies the requirement of the residual chlorine concentration at each junction is obtained. The model is applied on the real network to obtain the valuable information on the water quality operation.

Abstract:An evolution model of traffic perturbation is founded to verify spontaneous traffic breakdown phenomenon indirectly. Based on the principle of car following behavior, driving behavior is defined as two styles, “inheriting” and “altering”. Deceleration wave and acceleration wave formed when vehicles drive in and drive out of a perturbation are calculated using theory of traffic wave. Driving behavior, deceleration and acceleration wave speed, and time-headway distribution of arriving traffic are used to found the evolution model of traffic perturbation. Hysteresis phenomenon and “secondary perturbation” are considered in this model. Numerical simulation is carried out using Monte Carlo method to calculate and contrast the probability of traffic breakdown (PB) of five models, and the impact of several important parameters on PB are analyzed.

Abstract:Solid supported bilayer lipid membranes (S-BLMs) was fabricated on the regenerated metal surface of stainless steel by using lecithin-decane solution as S-BLMs forming solution. The forming process of S-BLMs was researched by cyclic voltammetry, and the means to improve the stability of the S-BLMs were also investigated. The results indicate that the stability of the S-BLMs could be improved effectively by the introduction of some cholesterol into the lecithin-decane solution since it could make the arrangement of lecithin molecules more compact and order on the regenerated metal surface. On the other hand, the treatment of the regenerated surface of stainless steel could enlarge the diameter of the support which has the ability to form S-BLMs. In addition, the stability of S-BLMs could be further improved by the addition of cholesterol as well as the surface treatment of stainless steel.

Abstract:A class of special Finsler submanifolds{Berwald totally um- bilical submanifolds is introduced, a equivalent description is given, and some results on Riemannian totally submanifolds are generalized.

Abstract:On the basis of deep research on existing point cloud segmentation and fitting algorithms, shortages of these algorithms are pointed out. Fully utilizing the intrinsic characteristics of scanned line data, new algorithms are proposed. RANSAC algorithm is improved. The improved algorithm is more robust and efficient compared with existing robust algorithms. Using the improved algorithm, better extraction result and more rational segmentation result can be obtained. A weight determining algorithm for ends of fitted line segments used in plane fitting is proposed, which solves the problem existing in traditional algorithms that ends of line segments can’t be used in plane fitting directly because of their different weights. Besides, a set of integral invalid plane removing algorithm is proposed. Experiments indicate that better plane extraction results of point cloud can be achieved using the proposed algorithm.

Abstract:Seismic unseating prevention mearsures are often needed at expansion joints of bridges to prevent the superstructures from falling off during earthquakes. Domestic unseating prevention system without design is done by construction measures, so it can’t ascertain the effect of unseating prevention system. Overseas researching focused on simple-supported beam and ‘T’ frame with intermediary hinge. To mode of unseat-prevention, connection device between girders is applied by Japan,however, bridges in America usually adopts the restrainers between girder and pier. In this paper, two modes of unseating prevention system for the continuous-girder bridges is studied and result is: it is rational to mode of restrainers between girder and pier for the continuous-girder bridges.

Abstract:Mathematical analysis of ICS1000+AS20 ion chromatography (IC) determination for trace level (2~50µg•L-1) perchlorate (ClO4-) in water was investigated to optimize the instrument operating conditions and provide a lower detection limit. The Cochran test results reveal the homoscedasticity of the IC determination. The Lack of Fit (LOF) test results show that the operating conditions of AS16 column are not suitable for AS20. The recommended operating conditions of IC determination are 100 mA suppressor current, 35 mmol•L-1 eluent concentration, 1.0 mL•min-1 flow rate, and the standards are arranged in a random order. Method detection limit (MDL) yields a less reliable detection limit than detection limit from the calibration curve (DTC). The MDL of IC determination for trace level ClO4- is 0.890µg•L-1 and the DTC is 1.627 µg•L-1 under recommended operating conditions.

Abstract:Asphalt is recovered by the methods of extraction and distillation from mixture, and some tests are carried out to determine the performance of the asphalt at different kinds of construction temperatures. From the test results can be seen, at different construction temperatures of asphalt mixture, the aging of asphalt increases with the increase of temperature. From the viscosity-temperature trends, it can be found that the aging of asphalt began to increase sharply if the construction temperature of mixture reaches 150℃. Warm mix asphalt (for example, mixing temperature at 100℃ or 120℃) can greatly reduce the aging of asphalt.

Abstract:The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the pricing of water utilities by GMM (generalized method of moments) estimation. An econometric model describing both water supply and demand is specified and estimated on utilities located east in China. Based on the GMM estimated technology and demand parameters, simulate marginal-cost pricing and social surplus variations. We derive the estimated parameters and discuss estimates of returns to scale and elasticities of water demand, analyze the current pricing of water utilities by comparing marginal costs and marginal prices. These estimates are then used to simulate first-best optimal pricing by solving a supply-demand system in prices and quantities. We show that the optimal pricing scheme is characterized, first by higher marginal prices and second by a lower fixed charge.

Abstract:Abstract: The acceleration and deceleration lane is the important elements of expressways. The operation speed on the acceleration and deceleration lane not only has great effect on the traffic flow in Interchange area, but also is the key factor of the expressway Based on vehicle driving simulator experiments, the autoregressive model predicting the operation speed on the acceleration and deceleration lane was developed in this paper under Atrocious Weather Condition. The model can be used to make the safe operation speed of the expressway for traffic control. The study results will have its application on the Hangzhou bay bridge.

Abstract:Based on structural health monitoring system of Donghai Bridge,the cablestayed bridge response and environmental factors were measured during the typhoon Krosa.The characteristics of typhoon,windinduced response and structural modal parameters variation were analyzed.The results demonstrate that the turbulence intensity is increasing with the wind speed. The wind induced response also increases when the wind speed increases.The structural modal parameters during typhoon were identified by the method of wavelet transform and singular value decomposition,and the modal parameters during the typhoon also were compared with that under the condition of low wind speed.Influenced by typhoon,structural modal frequencies were decreased and the modal damping ratios were not changed significantly when the wind speed increased.

Abstract:Domestic unseating prevention system without design is done as construction measures,which,therefore,can’t ascertain the effect of unseating prevention system.As for the mode of unseatprevention,connection device between girders is applied in Japan,however,bridges in America usually adopts the restrainers between girder and pier.Two modes of unseating prevention system for the continuousgirder bridges is compared by nonlinear timehistory method.Different period ratio and collision of two continousbeam bridge is considered to the modes of unseating prevention system.Results show:it is rational to mode of restrainers between girder and pier for the continuous bridges.

Abstract:With frequent occurrence of all kinds of terrorism attack around the world,engineers begin to realize that improvement of antiblast of structural members can effectively prevent structure from integral collapse under blast loading and spare more time for people to escape.Studies are made of the mechanical performance of three simple supported RCBeams with fewstirrups under blast loading through experiments and analyses are made of their crack development,strain and deflection change.Results show that the beams begin to fail from the weak part and their antiblast can be effectly enhanced by increasing strength of concrete,enlarging Stirrup Ratio,and especially by reducing stirrup spacing of the two bottoms.

Abstract:Windinduced dynamic behavior of a highvoltage transmission towerline system is investigated through an aeroelastic model test in a boundary layer wind tunnel.Dynamic tower failure phenomena were reproduced in wind tunnel tests for the first time.Test results show that the windinduced vibration of the towerline coupling system is of a distinctive nonlinear characteristic. The higher the wind velocity is, the more distinctive the nonlinearity is. Chaos arises in the vibration of the tower structure as the wind velocity reaches certain value. The higherorder model vibration of the towerline coupling system is remarkable and the energy of it is even stronger than that of the lowerorder model.The influence of the wires and insulators to the wind responses of the tower enhances as the wind speed increases.The higherorder model vibrations should be considered when the windinduced dynamic responses of the transmission tower are analyzed.The nonlinear vibration of the wires and insulators should also be considered while designing a transmission tower.

Abstract:To investigate the stability and failure mechanism of underwater rock slopes subjected to wave impactions,a finite element program Ansys was used to model and analyze some types of underwater rock slopes according to general rock structural types.Wave impaction tests were also conducted on two rock slope models with different angles in a wave tank which generated similar regular waves as those in threegorge reservoir.By analyzing and comparing the results of the model tests and numerical simulations,three zones were divided to the rock slopes close to the water with stress changing similarly in each zone.The results show stress concentration occurs to the slope toe,where failure begins.Plastic zone develops upwards along the discontinuity,which is different from the downward failure mode happened to general slopes.It’s also concluded that the effect of the wave on the slope discontinuity decreases with the slope angle.

Abstract:Based on the partial differential equations of both radial and vertical consolidation of sand drain’s ground under instantaneous loading condition,the real loading process is decomposed as a set of instantaneous loading problems by the developed program and threedimensional consolidation analysis is made of the sand drain’s ground under combined vacuum and surcharge preloading with a consideration of the real loading process.The calculation result of the project shows that the average consolidation rate of ground is generally slower than that under instantaneous loading condition due to the effect of loading time.The consolidation degree of ground is influenced by the loading time Ti under the single ramp loading or multiramp loading conditions.The longer loading time Ti is,the slower consolidation rate of ground is.Under single ramp loading,the inflexions of degree of consolidation curves appear at Ti points,the consolidation rate of which is maximum.

Abstract:An evolution model of traffic perturbation is established to verify spontaneous traffic breakdown phenomenon indirectly.Based on the principle of car following behavior,driving behavior is defined as two styles,“inheriting” and “altering”.Deceleration wave and acceleration wave formed when vehicles drive in and drive out of a perturbation are calculated based on the traffic wave theory.Driving behavior, deceleration and acceleration wave speed, and time-headway distribution of arriving traffic are used to establish the evolution model of traffic perturbation.Hysteresis phenomenon and “secondary perturbation” are considered in this model.Numerical simulation is carried out with the Monte Carlo method to calculate and compare the probability of traffic breakdown (PB) of five models,and the impact of several important parameters on PB are analyzed.

Abstract:Most existing dynamic origindestination(OD)matrix estimation approaches are based on synchronous observed volume.However,when traffic flow runs on a longdistance freeway,the big time lag and platoon dispersion will affect the precision of OD estimation.The paper puts forward the conception of “volume spacetime belt” and a new OD estimation methodology is established based on spacetime analysis.Traffic volume on spacetime diagram is distributed to each “volume belt” and OD matrix is then estimated with the least square method.A practical sample testifies that the new dynamic OD estimation methodology can overcome the defect due to unsynchronized flow and better trace the variation of OD matrix.This character is very important for high simultaneity and accuracy required traffic control system.

Abstract:Based on the traffic conflict technique and videotape of 5 uncontrolled pedestrian crosswalk for 61 timing sections, this paper establishes the pedestrianvehicle conflict model and severe conflict model with the variables of traffic volume, vehicle speed and pedestrian volume.T and F tests ensure the modeling confidence to be over 95%. In addition,χ2 validation is conducted and proves that the conflict rate subjects to negative binomial distribution.The conflict probability model is therefore built up.The pedestrian vehicle conflict control benefit and cost in the developed area in China are calculated,and the decision support method on conflict control is advised.

Abstract:Based on vehicle driving simulator experiments,the autoregressive model predicting the operation speed on the acceleration and deceleration lane was developed under atrocious weather condition.The model can be used to make the safe operation speed of the expressway for traffic control.The study results are applied to the Hangzhou Bay Bridge.

Abstract:Asphalt is recovered by extraction and distillation from mixture,and tests on the performance of the asphalt recovered at different construction temperatures are carried out.Test results show that the aging of asphalt becomes faster with the increase of temperature.The viscosity-temperature variation trends show that the asphalt aging accelerates sharply when the construction temperature of mixture reaches 150 ℃.Warm mix asphalt(for example,mixing temperature at 100 ℃ or 120 ℃)can greatly reduce the aging of asphalt.

Abstract:Mathematical analysis of ICS1000+AS20 ion chromatography (IC) determination for trace level (2~50 μg·L-1) perchlorate (ClO-4) in water was investigated to optimize the instrument operating conditions and provide a lower detection limit.The Cochran test results reveal the homoscedasticity of the IC determination.The Lack of Fit (LOF) test results show that the operating conditions of AS16 column are not suitable for AS20.The recommended operating conditions of IC determination are 100 mA suppressor current,35 mmol·L-1 eluent concentration,1.0 mL·min-1 flow rate,and the standards are arranged in a random order.Method detection limit (MDL) yields a less reliable detection limit than detection limit from the calibration curve (DTC).The MDL of IC determination for trace level ClO-4 is 0.890 μg·L-1 and the DTC is 1.627 μg·L-1 under recommended operating conditions.

Abstract:A study was made of the anoxic degradation and removal of nitrogenous heterocyclic compoundquinoline,denitrification of acclimated sludge as well as the effect of pH,C/N ratio,bioferric on degradation of quinoline under anoxic conditions by flaskshaking tests.The microbial degradation products were measured and the degradation pathway of quinoline in anoxic condition was analyzed.The results indicate that quinoline is removed by three steps:biosorption,desorption and biodegradation.The optimal range of pH is between 7 and 9.The C/ N ratio does not affect the reduction of quinoline obviously.Bioferric process cannot improve the degradation of quinoline,quinoline can be used as the sole carbon and nitrogen sources for biodegradation.

Abstract:The study aims to evaluate the pricing of water utilities by generalized method of moments(GMM) estimation.An econometric model is elaborated in terms of both water supply and demand and applied to study utilities located east in China.Based on the GMM estimated technology and demand parameters,marginalcost pricing and social surplus variations are simulated.The estimated parameters are derived and estimates of returns to scale and elasticities of water demand are discussed.The current pricing of water utilities is analyzed by comparing marginal costs and marginal prices.These estimates are then used to simulate firstbest optimal pricing by solving a supplydemand system in prices and quantities.It shows that the optimal pricing scheme is characterized first by higher marginal prices and second by a lower fixed charge.

Abstract:So far,the water quality model based on the hydraulic model is static which assumes that the decay parameters of the residual chlorine of the pipes to be constant.Therefore,the model is not fit for the multisources water distribution system whose chlorine decay parameters are different.This paper presents a new water quality model adaptable to the real network more, which is solved by the genetic algorithm,and the optimized result which satisfies the requirement of the residual chlorine concentration at each junction is obtained.The model is applied to the real network and obtains the valuable information on the water quality operation.

Abstract:The performance of a proton exchange membrane fule cell(PEMFC) stack using thin metal bipolar plates was investigated,and a comparison of efficiency,cell average voltage was made between the stack and another stack using graphite bipolar plates.Meanwhile a 100hour vibration test on the stack was performed,it is found the uniformity of the cells declined,the cell voltage decreases with the increment of the current load.There is no law that which cell produced the highest voltage,but the single cell at the end of the stack always performed worst.

Abstract:To save energy and compensate voltage,the control of energy storage system is becoming increasingly rigid for urban mass transit.To design a reliable control algorithm rapidly and efficiently,a model of supercapacitor based energy storage system has been presented via Simulink/Stateflow.Furthermore,the features and optimization suggestions of Stateflow are provided.The function of the algorithm model is described briefly and verified via simulation,then the embedded C code suitable for the LF2407A digital signal processor(DSP) platform is automatically generated.It also generalizes the rapid implementation flow based on DSP and provides suggestions to the rapid implementation iteration process by studying the generated C code,and the rapid transition of bidirectional DC/DC converter is also discussed.Finally an experiment is conducted to verify the validity of this approach.This methodology is suitable for other power electronics control system for the urban mass transit,and it can facilitate the project development and shorten the development cycle.

Abstract:A lowlevel drive system (LDS) of continuously variable transmission (CVT) which is used to drive stepper motor and highspeed digital onoff valves is developed.The lowlevel drive principle and electronic elements used in the system are given.Drive circuits and controller area network (CAN) protocol between gearbox interface unit (GIU) and engine management system are given.Hardwareintheloop simulation is operated,finally stepper motor and highspeed digital onoff valves succeed to be driven.Ratio control,clamping force control and clutch control are achieved rapidly and accurately,and the lowlevel drive system is validated.

Abstract:This paper presents the stochastic gradient estimation,which adds the noise in the channel to the gradient.Based on the correlation coefficient,an analysis is made of the effect of the stochastic gradient estimation on the blind equalization algorithm.Theoretical research shows that the stochastic gradient estimation lead to the deviation of the weight,which determines the size of the residual error.

Abstract:A variance component estimator of Helmert typebased dynamic Kalman filtering is derived in this paper.The corresponding Kalman filtering supported by estimated variance components is given,which is very similar to the standard Kalman filtering in calculation.The influence functions of the variance components or the ratio of the variance components on the state estimates of the Kalman filter are also deduced.The theoretic formulae and an actual example show that the error influences of the dynamic model information on the dynamic state estimates can be controlled,the contribution of the measurements and the dynamic model information to the dynamic state estimates can be balanced,and the accuracy of the new Kaman filtering is improved by using the variance component estimation.The results of the modified Kalman filters by using the rigorous and approximate Helmert type estimates of variance components are nearly equal.

Abstract:A lot of separate points on the paraboloid have to be measured by electronic totalstation with high accuracy during the installation of engineering construction,the estimation of construction precision and the deformation observation after the construction.The plane equation regress of the paraboloid opening,the calculation of the plane normal vector,the coordinates transformation,the circle center fitting,the movement of coordinates axis and the regress of paraboloid equation are dealt with and the paraboloid equation and its focus are obtained to satisfy the requirements of the engineering construction,accuracy estimation and deformation observation.

Abstract:A profound research reveals the defects of the existing point cloud segmentation and fitting algorithms.The paper presents new algorithms according to the intrinsic characteristics of scanned line data.Random sample consensus(RANSAC) algorithm is modified,and a more robust and efficient algorithm is obtained with the better extraction result and more rational segmentation result.A weight determining algorithm for ends of fitted line segments used in plane fitting is proposed, which solves the problem in traditional algorithms that ends of line segments can′t be used in plane fitting directly because of the different weights.Besides,a set of integral invalid plane removing algorithm is proposed. A case study show that better plane extraction results of point cloud are achieved with the proposed algorithm.

Abstract:The inequality constrained optimization problem is reformulated as its equivalent equality constrained optimization problem.It is proved that they have the same KarushKuhnTucker(KKT) conditions under some suitable conditions.The multiplier of the equivalent equality constrained optimization problem needs to be nonnegative.Therefore,its KKT conditions are different from those of the general equality constrained optimization problem.An infeasible sequential system of linear equations(SSLE) filter algorithm is presented to solve this type of problem.It only needs to solve two systems of linear equations with the same nonsingular coefficient matrix,which results in a less computation.The global convergence of the algorithm is established under suitable conditions.Some numerical results are also reported.

Abstract:A class of special Finsler submanifolds,Berwald totally umbilical submanifold,is introduced.An equivalent description is given, and some results on Riemannian totally submanifolds are generalized.

Abstract:Solid supported bilayer lipid membranes(S-BLMs)was fabricated on the regenerated metal surface of stainless steel by using lecithin-decane solution as S-BLMs forming solution. The forming process of S-BLMs was researched by cyclic voltammetry, and the means to improve the stability of the S-BLMs were also investigated. The results indicate that the stabilith of the S-BLMs can be improved effectively by the introduction of some cholesterol into the lecithin-decane solution since it helps the arrangement of lecithin molecules to be more compact and in order on the regenerated metal surface. On the other hand,the treatment of the regenerated surface of stainless steel can enlarge the diameter of the support which has the ability to form S-BLMs. In addition,the stability of S-BLMs can be further improved by both the addition of cholesterol and the surface treatment of stainless steel.

Abstract:Sound power level(SWL) measurements of the Pipa were performed in a reverberation chamber according to ISO standard and Chinese national standard.Two qualified musicians performed on two different Pipas in the chamber.While the sound pressure levels of 1/3 octave bands were recorded and analyzed by means of 4channel realtime analysis.Typical values of the radiated sound power levels of Pipa when 3 representative single notes A，a1and e3,a music scale and a folk song were performed at four dynamic levels (pp,mp,f and ff) were obtained through averaging.The forte sound power level of performing a scale is suggested as the most representative value of the sound power level of the Pipa instrument.

Abstract:Knowledge innovation in the supply chain is a complicated relation route network; process of innovation delegate the convergence of capability and demand.First,this paper presents a summary of the characteristics of knowledge innovation in the supply chain; then knowledge in the supply chain is described as knowledge flow coupling each enterprise.Three conclusions are drawn as following:①Supply chain members should cooperate to realize knowledge sharing;②Knowledge transfer and knowledge conformity can be used to update knowledge;③Supply chain members should continuously innovate to improve knowledge level.According to multiattribute group decisionmaking problems dealing with knowledge innovation in the supply chain,the procedure of decision making for knowledge innovation in the supply chain based on multiattribute decisionmaking model is discussed and explained with an example.Finally,the future possible research direction is proposed.