Abstract:The accurate analysis of the inverter DC link current is the key to the assessment of the electromagnetic interference and computation and selection of the DC link capacitance. Aiming at the mathematical expression and solving method to the inverter DC link current for PMSM based on vector control, the paper analyzed the corresponding equivalent inductances for the fundamental wave and the high order harmonics of the phase voltage. The results show that the equivalent inductances for all the harmonic waves of the salient pole PMSM are equal and constant, the equivalent inductances for the high order harmonics of non-salient PMSM are changeable with the rotator position, and the fundamental wave can be decomposed on the d-axis and q-axis by phasor synthesis and the corresponding inductances are d-axis inductance and q-axis inductance. In the theoretical computation, the high order inductances can be regarded as a constant through averaging method or the high order harmonics can be abandoned. The correctness and effects were verified through the simulation and experiment.

Abstract:Based on the experimental investigations of loadcarrying capacities of super thinwalled highstrength coldformed steel channel columns with intermediate stiffeners in web subjected to axial compression,the calculation method for the effective area of coldformed thinwalled plate elements with intermediate stiffeners was discussed with reference to the related calculation formulas,and an equivalent element method (EEM), for estimating the effect area of coldformed thinwalled steel plate element with intermediate stiffeners consistent with estimated method for three different stiffened element was put forward.Finally,a comparison of the experimental results with the theoretical analysis shows that the proposed method is effective and suitable for Chinese coldformed thinwalled steel specification.

Abstract:Various aerodynamic control measures,such as central stabilizing plate,central slotting and cantilever horizontal splitting plate (CHSP),are investigated via a serious wind tunnel tests of sectional model in order to improve the flutter stability of a steel box deck cablestayed bridge with a main span of 1 400 m.The results show that CHSP is the most effective among the measures investigated,and can significantly improve the bridge flutter performance,especially in the case of +3° wind attack angle.Using a 2dimensional and three degree of freedom (3DOF) coupled flutter analysis method,the flutterdriving mechanism and flutter pattern of both the original box deck and that with CHSP measures are then analyzed and compared with each other.It is found that for the decks with aerodynamic shapes between streamline body and bluff body,the control effect of CHSP on flutter depends on both the width and the wind attack angle.A reasonable width of CHSP should be determined with an integrated consideration of its flutter control effect at various wind attack angles.Moreover,the analysis result of flutter control mechanism of CHSP indicates that the measures of CHSP improves the flutter performance of box deck by changing the variation patterns of two aerodynamic damping items generated by the twistinvolved deck motions,in conjunction with changing the coupling effect among degrees of freedoms.

Abstract:To efficiently utilize the vast measured data,a new approach is proposed for the condition assessment of stay cable forces based on the variation and trend coefficients.This method uses the basic assessment value of stay cable forces as the initial value and gives each stay cable a weight coefficient as well as other two newlyproposed significant coefficients,the variation and trend coefficients.The variation coefficient is determined by the degree of grey slope incidence,which reflects the entire difference between the measured and designed stay cable forces.The trend coefficient is obtained by the time series analysis,which reflects the developing trend of stay cable forces and structural safety.The proposed assessment method is simple and practical but with persuasive theoretical study and sufficient consideration.Every data measured in the realtime measurement can be used to give the assessment results which are not only for a stay cable condition at a time point but also for the entire inservice period.The whole idea and procedure of assessing stay cable forces are given in detail.A case study is finally conducted to show and prove the advantages of the proposed method.

Abstract:To overcome inadequacy of timevarying models based on adaptive filters and windowed estimation for short time series,a wavelet decomposition method is employed to present a new method for simulating fluctuating wind field,combined with vector AR model of linear filter method.Wavelet expansion is performed for autoregressive coefficients of AR model in adequate space,adopting least square method to estimate the above autoregressive coefficients.Simulating procedure for spatial wind field based on the method is given.The method is applied to simulating the fluctuating wind field of a spatial structure.And comparison between the simulating results and target values,results obtained from vector AR model are made.The results show that the proposed method diminishes information loss in frequency domain,and can accurately simulate short time series with a fairly high calculating efficiency.

Abstract:Rigid model pressure measurement tests of lowrise buildings with Lshape plan were conducted in TJ2 wind tunnel laboratory,the pressure time histories probability distribution was discussed firstly.The experimental results reveal that the skewnesses of most regions pressure time histories of the roof are large,and the probability distribution is well fitted by the threeparameter gamma distribution,consequently,the SadekSimiu procedure is preferred to estimate the peak pressure coefficients,and compared with such method,the traditional Gaussian method tends to be unsafe.Then the effects on roof wind loadings of wing length,roof pitch and the roof combination form were studied.The results show that the increasing of the wing length or the decreasing of the roof pitch intensifies the negative mean pressure and the worst negative peak pressure,however,the negative mean pressure and the worst negative peak pressure on gablehip combined roof are much smaller than that on twogable combined roof,thus the conclusion is drawn that the gablehip combined roof is superior to twogable combined roof in wind resistance.

Abstract:The mean and fluctuating wind speed data of strong wind of normal climate measured on the top of Shanghai World Financial Center with a height of 492 m were analyzed.Mean wind speeds in different intervals of 3 s,10 min and 1 hour were separately computed.The results showed that the averaged mean wind speed ratio between 10 min mean wind speed and 3 s maximum mean wind speed was approximately 0.876 8.The formulas for the ratios were then derived by using curvefitting technique.The turbulence intensity,gust factor were also computed based on the measured data.The results indicate that both turbulence intensity and gust factor decrease with the increase of mean wind speed.In addition,the power spectral densities of fluctuating wind speeds are in agreement with the VonKarman spectrum.

Abstract:Model test results show that the failure mode of reinforcedsand retaining walls can be simplified into a twowedge block.Based on the abovemotioned failure mode and the upper bound theorem of classical plasticity theory limit analysis,the upper bound solutions for the ultimate load of reinforcedsand retaining walls under front loading and back loading are derived with a consideration of the effects of facing rigidity.By applying a nonlinear sequential quadratic programming (SQP) algorithm,the proposed upper bound solutions for each analytical expression is optimized for solving.Based on the proposed computational method,a series of the upper bound solutions for the ultimate load of reinforcedsand retaining walls are solved.Results show that the computational solutions agree well with the ultimate loads obtained from the physical model experiments,and the proposed upper bound method can reasonably consider the effect of the reinforced layer numbers and the facing rigidity on the ultimate load of reinforcedsand retaining walls.

Abstract:Based on crosscorrelation theory,the particle image velocimetry (PIV) technology is applied to reinforcementsoil interface direct shear test,and the soil particle movement near interface during the direct shear test is measured and analyzed from the standpoint of microscopic view.Reinforcementsoil interface direct shear tests were performed under 50 and 87.5 kPa normal stress,respectively.By analyzing the results of a series of tests,several conclusions can be obtained:horizontal and vertical displacement of soil particles increase with shear displacement increasing,but the increasing rate decreases with shear displacement; in the direct shear tests the horizontal displacement is more evident than vertical movement and it attenuates with the distance to geogridsoil interface; the scope of soil particle displacement doesn’t exceed 45 mm,namely,the thickness of shear band is approximately 45 mm,which is 7～9 times of the average grain size of soil particle used in the direct shrear tests.

Abstract:Based on rhombus thought and extension theory that matter element is of extension nature,research objects and judging indexes as well as the index characteristic values are considered as matter element.Matterelement model is established in accordance with the relationships between matterelements,health diagnosis indexes system and the criterion for evaluating indexes are also determined.Fusion index weight method based on Shannon entropy and multiplication scale method is proposed.Then taking the Shanghai Yangze River Tunnel,which is a longdistance shield tunnel with the largest diameter in the world at present,as an object,in light of the principle of unsymmetrical nearness degree,the evaluation of the tunnel health conditions carries out according to theories mentioned above and the processes of the health diagnosing method based on extension theory are presented.According to the results,it is demonstrated that the health diagnosing method based on extension theory can be adopted to evaluate health state of tunnel structure,and the evaluating results is reasonable and reliable.As a new health diagnosing method,it will provide scientific theory foundation and valuable technology instruction for durable health state and timely maintenance of tunnel.

Abstract:Ground movements caused by the tunnel construction in soft ground endanger the safety of the existing building.Double control criterion was proposed for shield tunnel undercrossing by taking the existing deformation of building into consideration.For Shanghai Metro Line 11 undercrossed the Chongsi Building,Xuhui Middle School,the deformation of Chongsi Building was detected and analyzed,and the status of the building was assessed.The double control criterion for shield tunnel undercrossing Chongsilou Building was established based on a consideration of the building existing deformation.A management over the section undercrossing the Chongsi Building proves the feasibility of the deformation control criterion.

Abstract:Vibration was measured on the buildings with the installed isolation bearings in the vicinity of subway,the records of timehistory vibration at foundation and basement were obtained .In the time domain,the changes of acceleration timehistory were analyzed after isolation,the general effect of isolation was obtained.After calculating the corresponding Fourier spectrum and one third octave band frequency spectrum,the changes of vibration were obtained in various frequency bands after the isolation.Then the effect of base isolation on the transmission of subwayinduced vibration was discussed.Results show that the main components of subwayinduced vibration are in the frequency domain from 45 to 75 Hz.The isolation effects of isolation device are notable in horizontal direction of subwayinduced vibration,but things are different in the vertical direction.

Abstract:Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to do the groundwater risk assessment of East Nanjing Road Station of Metro Line 10 in Shanghai.Meanwhile,the establishment of risk assessment model and evaluation process is described in detail based on the comprehensive identification of groundwater risk factors during the process of investigation,design,construction and operation,combining with the analysis of project information and expert evaluation.Weights of groundwater risk factors are obtained,as well as a comprehensive evaluation on the groundwater risk.The research conclusion may provide a technical guidance for the groundwater risk analysis of metro projects in Shanghai.

Abstract:Considering the close relationship between rearend accident and the vehicle’s travelling state in highway tunnel group,this paper takes braking distance,travelling speed and the type of vehicle as characteristic parameters for forewarning the rearend accidents occurring in highway tunnel group.Then,on the basis of artificial immune mechanism,an earlywarning model is proposed to identify and determine the tendency caused by vehicle’s abnormal state,and some important earlywarning information is given as the levels of accidents.Finally,Xihan highway tunnel group is studied as a simulation example to verify the accuracy and utility of the earlywarning model.It is expected that the findings from the study can provide a significant theoretical basis for the safety operation management in highway tunnel group.

Abstract:Falling weight deflectometer (FWD) tests were conducted at the pavements in Shanghai.The collected data were used to backcalculate the modulus of asphalt pavement layer.There was a good exponential relationship between the pavement layer modulus and the asphalt layer temperature.The equation of temperature and modulus was developed for the pavements in Shanghai.The temperature adjustment factors were proposed to correct the backcalculated modulus at any temperature to reference temperature modulus.Comparisons were made between the temperature corrected modulus and indoor and outdoor modulus.Results indicate that the temperature adjustment factor is of a high degree of reliability.

Abstract:Airport cement concrete pavement condition survey and evaluation procedure was introduced,and the effect of sample unit size,shape and distress severity on pavement condition index (PCI) accuracy was investigated by altering inspection unit size and shape and distress degree based on field data collected from 390 standard inspection units.The results show that sample unit size has little effect on PCI accuracy,and as long as the unit size is within 20±5 slabs,the error is about 1 point.Altering unit shape leads to significant difference of section PCI value,therefore units dividing cannot be altered arbitrarily.PCI value calculated by horizontal units is lower relatively,but it is more conservative for management.The effect of severity deviation of a single main distress due to manual data collection on section PCI is insignificant,and the error is limited to about 2 points,however,the average error reaches up to 10 points if severity degrees of all distress are deviated.

Abstract:The effect and kinetics of degradation of bisphenol A (BPA) by ultrasonic at the frequency of 800 kHz were studied.The effects of some additives,such as t-butyl alcohol,H2O2,humic acid and air bubbles,were investigated as external factors.The results show that the ultrasonic degradation of BPA follows a pseudofirst order kinetic model and the rate constant decreases with the increasing initial concentration.It is identified that hydroxyl radical is a major participant in the ultrasonic degradation of BPA by t-butyl alcohol.The rate constant increases by 32% at low H2O2 concentration of 0.1 mmol?L-1.However,the degradation of BPA is hindered with the further addition of H2O2.The boundary point of the molar rate is about 200:1 between H2O2 and BPA.Moreover,humic acid in aqueous solution hinders the degradation of BPA and the rate constant decreases with the increasing humic acid dose.The common bubbles added can prevent BPA from closing to the interface of cavitation bubble and reacting with ?OH,which is adverse to the degradation of BPA.

Abstract:In this study,high activity ferrous hydroxy complex (FHC) was prepared by controlling the special reaction conditions,and reductive transformation of azo dyes was investigated by employing reactive black 5 as model pollutant.The influencing factors of reduction decolorization of reactive black (RB5) by FHC,including ferrous morphology,dosage of FHC,pH,dissolved oxygen and so on were studied.The results show that the structural state of ferrous iron has a strong reductive activity,when the dosage of ferrous iron is 89.6 mg?L-1 and initial concentration of dye is 100 mg?L-1 ,80% of RB5 disappears within 10 min; pH has an important effect on the reduction of ferrous iron with optimum pH value range of 8 to 10.The experiment studies demonstrate that reductive reaction with FHC is the most important mechanism resulting in decolorization of azo dye,rather than traditional coagulation.The chromogenic groups of azo in the dye structure become the amino groups,so the aniline compounds are the main final products.The research suggests a new mechanism on the promotion of dye decolorization by ferrous iron,improving biodegradability of wastewater,which lays a theoretical basis for the technology development

Abstract:The critical flux of submerged flat membrane bioreactor (MBR) was measured by an improved fluxstepwise method and the measured values under different relaxation time were analyzed.The result was that with longer relaxation time,asymmetry of FluxTMP and FluxPermeability decreases remarkably with much lower membrane residual resistance and better fouling reversibility in subcritical flux zone and without obvious hysteresis.The relaxationzoneattached fluxstepwise method can better describe the principle of fluxpermeability and alleviate the impact of reversible fouling.

Abstract:A discretetime sliding mode controller is designed to adjust the slip of torque converter lockup clutch so as to improve vehicle fuel economy and avoid the vibration of vehicle transmission system which is caused by engine torque fluctuation.Control variable is filtered by Filtfilt filter to smoothen vibration phenomenon of sliding mode control system.The simulation model of transmission system is built to verify this control method and to compare with the traditional proportionalintegralderivative (PID) control.For further testing the influence of slip control on vehicle fuel consumption in economic commission for Europe (ECE) cycle condition,actual transmission control unit (TCU) is involved in the hardwareintheloop experiments.The results of the simulation and experiment show that the slip control effectively absorbs transmission system shock and its transmission efficiency is far better than the torque converter working condition,so it can reduce the fuel consumption.In addition,the discretetime sliding controller with filter has a better response speed and trace command signal ability with control law changes smoothly.

Abstract:A design strategy is presented for modification of torque converters based on variation law of blade angle along design path.First,the initial graphics exchange specification (IGES) format is utilized as an interface to exchange cascade system data with computer aid design (CAD) software.Then,blade angle is calculated by using the blossoming of De Boor algorithm.The design paths which indicate variation law of blade angle are fitted to strings of nonuniform rational Bspline (NURBS).After that,it is possible to modify the design paths of blade angle by relocalizing control points or modifying weight values of them.Once the modified design paths of blade angle are obtained,blade shape is redefined.Afterwards,the modified torque converter model is transmitted to computational fluid dynamics (CFD) package for hydraulic performance prediction.The modification iterations might be carried on for several times before a desired performance is achieved.Finally,the modified torque converter model can be transmitted to CAD software for further detailed design.A modification design which’s to improve torque converting performance and economic performance respectively for one certain torque converter product is carried out based on the presented design strategy.The result shows that the proposed framework provides reasonable results and proves to be time efficiency.

Abstract:Finite element method (FEM) model of a ventilated disc brake was established to predict the thermomechanical dynamics under emergency braking condition.Four friction models,including original friction model acquired from test result,maximal constant friction coefficient model,minimum constant friction coefficient model,and equivalent constant friction coefficient model to original model,were used for the numerical simulation.The simulation results were compared and the applicability of the friction model was investigated based on the thermomechanical effect of disc brake.

Abstract:The visualization setup and control system of spray and wallimpingement for gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines is presented.The design of high pressure fuel supplying system,the driving mode of GDI engine injector and spray control system were demonstrated in detail.Besides,the spray penetrations and spray cone angles under different injection pressure and ambient pressure conditions,the spray development and fuel concentration change under different ambient pressure conditions and spray wallimpingement characteristics under different impingement angle and impingement distance conditions,were investigated by emlpoying the visualization setup.The experimental results show that the spray tip penetration and spray cone angle increase with the increasing of the injection pressure; the spray tip penetration decreases with the increasing ambient pressure,but the spray cone angle increases.In addition,compared to the impingement angle with 60°,the impingement angle with 75° is more favorable to spray development and atomization.Thus the developed visualization setup and control system of spray and wallimpingement can work reliably and steadily.

Abstract:In order to realize highperformance and lowpower computing with task partitioning as the study object,the heterogeneous reconfigurable computing definition and its formal description were proposed and two task partitioning methods,intranode recombined and network rebuild,were presented based on matching heterogeneous computing task with reconfigurable architecture.Then the algorithm was derived.Theoretical analysis and simulations prove the taskpartitioning algorithm to be valid.

Abstract:An information fusion method was proposed to diagnose system faults with dynamic fault tree (DFT) analysis to improve the efficiency of system diagnosis,which made full use of the advantages of both DFT for modeling and Bayesian networks (BN) for the inference ability and incorporated system structure information as well as sensors data into fault diagnosis.All minimal cut sets were generated via an efficient zerosuppressed binary decision diagram,while the diagnostic importance factor of components and minimal cut sets were calculated using BN.Furthermore,these reliability analysis results together with the characteristic function of the system were updated after receiving the evidence data from sensors and used to develop diagnostic decision algorithm to optimize system diagnosis.Then,a diagnostic decision tree was generated to guide the maintenance crew to recover a system.Finally,an example was given to illustrate the efficiency of this method.

Abstract:Isostatic response function is a commonlyused method to obtain the value of lithosphere effective elastic thickness of the continent,but there are some influence factors affecting the reliability and applicability of the method.Therefore,a discussion is held on the influence factors with the model analysis,and the theoretical basis of the observed data selection,processing and application are given.

Abstract:In order to investigate the relationship between soluble organic matter (SOM) and clay size fraction,SOM extracted from source rock and <2 μm clay size fraction (separated by a physical approach from source rock) were analyzed.The results show that a large amount of SOM are combined with clay minerals and it is an important occurrence in source rocks.The rate of SOM production is higher in clay size fraction compared with that in source rock,and <2 μm clay size fraction plays an important role in each period of hydrocarbon generation.The composition of SOM in clay size fraction exhibits as domination in nonhydrocarbon and asphaltene groups and depleted in polar lipid fractions including saturated hydrocarbon and aromatic components compared with SOM extracted from source rocks.It can be concluded that organoclaymineral is a potential material of oil generation throughout the whole progress of hydrocarbon generation.

Abstract:Based on social network analysis (SNA),main integrated factors of formal and informal organization and 8 social network elements in large scale projects organization were studied,and social network overall concept model was established.Quantitative analysis methods to measure organization closeness,small group,centralization,betweenness,role and position were developed based on parameters and formulas of SNA,and social network model value and function for organization controlling were discussed.2010 Shanghai Expo case was employed to investigate social network model and controlling mechanisms.The results show that integrated model and methodology are important to evaluate organization cohesion,find key organization unit,analyze power and small group and formulate organization controlling strategy.

Abstract:With the use of indicator standardization method and triangular fuzzy number method,the econometric model of Zhejiang textile industrial clusters’ antirisk ability was established based on a comprehensive evaluation.Through empirical analysis, the comprehensive evaluation value of the antirisk ability of Zhejiang textile industrial clusters was revealed as follows:Hangzhou and Ningbo have strong antirisk abilities; Jiaxing,Huzhou,Shaoxing,Jinhua and Zhoushan a moderate antirisk ability; and Wenzhou,Quzhou,Taizhou and Lishui are all at lower level.Furthermore,Some suggestions are put forward in the paper.